ᐅᕙᓃᑦᑐᑎᑦ : ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖅ » ᓯᑦᓂ O. ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ

ᓯᑦᓂ O. ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ

ᓂᐅ ᓚᓐᑕᓐᒥᐅᑕᖅ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᖅᑎᒻᒪᕆᒃ ᓯᑦᓂ. ᐆ. ᕙᑎᓐᑕᓐ, ᑲᓂᐊᑎ& 70 Ko ᓂᐅ ᓚᓐᑕᓐᒥᐅᑕᖅ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᖅᑎᒻᒪᕆᒃ ᓯᑦᓂ. ᐆ. ᕙᑎᓐᑕᓐ, ᑲᓂᐊᑎ&

ᑳᐱᑕᐃ ᓯᑦᓂ ᐅᔭᐃᐊᔅ ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᐃᓅᓂᑯ 1823–ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᕐᕕᓂᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᒃᓯᐊᖅᑑᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖃᖅᓱᓂ ᑲᓂᐊᒃᑎᑲᒥ. ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖏᑕ ᐊᑎᖏᒃ ᐊᓛᓐᔪ (Alonzo) ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕼᐊᓇ (Hannah). ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᑕᕆᐅᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᒋᐊᙵᖅᑐᒥᓂᖅ ᖁᓕᓪᓗ ᐱᖓᓱᓪᓗᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖃᖅᓱᓂ. ᐅᑭᐅᖃᓕᖅᓱᓂ ᖁᓕᓪᓗ ᐊᕐᕕᓂᓕᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕆᙵᖅᑐᒥᓂᖅ ᑎᖏᕐᕋᐅᑕᓕᒻᒧᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕆᒋᐊᖓᑦᑕᒥᓂᕐᒥᓂ ᐊᕐᕙᓂᐊᖅᑎᓯᐅᒻᒧᑦ, ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᕐᓂᐊᓕᖅᓱᓂ ᐃᑭᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᓪᓚᐃᓪᓗ ᐃᒪᖏᓐᓂ. 1850–ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓄᓕᐊᓂᑦᑐᒥᓂᖅ ᐊᑯᓂ ᐱᖃᑎᒋᓕᖅᑕᒥᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ – ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᑎᑦᓯᔨ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕕᒻᒥ ᐊᑎᓕᒃ ᓯᐊᔭ ᓅᓪᔅ (Sarah Knowles) –ᐸᓂᒃᑖᖃᑎᒥᓂᖓ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ. ᑕᐃᑲᓂᒃᓴᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒥ, ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᕆᐊᙵᕐᓂᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᐊᑯᑭᑦᑐᐃᓪᓗ ᓄᓇᖓᑕ ᐃᑭᕋᓴᖓᓄᑦ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓂ ᐊᕙᑎᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᓪᓗ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᓱᓂ ᑎᑭᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᖁᓕᓪᓗ ᒪᕐᕈᓪᓗ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᓕᓐᓂᒃ.

1851–ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᑎᖏᕐᕋᐅᑕᓕᒻᒧᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᖅᑐᒥᓂᖅ ᐅᒥᐊᒧᑦ ᐊᑎᓕᒻᒧᑦ ᒪᒃᓕᐊᓚᓐᒥᒃ (McLellan), ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓕᖅᓱᓂᓗ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᓄᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓄᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᓕᑦᑕᓄᑦ ᐅᑮᒋᐊᙵᖅᑐᒥᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᐸᓐᓂᑑᑉ ᑲᖏᖅᓱᐊᓗᐊᓂ. ᑕᒪᐅᙵᕐᓂᖓ ᑲᔪᓯᑦᓯᐊᕐᓂᑯᖓᓄᑦ ᐅᑮᒃᑲᓐᓂᓕᕐᓂᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᐸᓐᓂᑑᑉ ᑲᖏᖅᓱᐊᓗᐊᓂ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᕐᒥ ᑎᑭᒻᒥᒐᒥ. ᐊᕙᑎᑦ ᓯᑕᒪᓪᓗᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕙᑦᑐᒥᓂᖅ ᕿᓯᑦᑖᖅᓱᓂᓗ 1000–ᓂᒃ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᑦᓯᐊᖅᑐᒥᓂᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ. ᑭᖑᓪᓕᕐᒥ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᓕᕐᒥᒐᒥᒃ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᑐᖅᓯᐅᖅᑐᒥᓂᖅ. ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᓕᐊᖅᑐᒥᓂᖅ, ᐊᕐᕙᓐᓂᕋᓂ, ᖁᓕᓪᓗ ᐱᖓᓱᓪᓗᓂᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖁᑎᖏᑦ ᐃᓚᙵᖅᓱᑎᒃ ᐃᒃᑭᓗᓐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᖃᓂᕐᓗᑦᑐᓄᑦ – ᑎᒥᒧᑦ ᐃᑲᔫᑎᖃᑦᓯᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓂᕆᖃᑦᑕᕈᓐᓃᓂᕐᒧᑦ. ᐃᓄᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑭᖕ– ᕗᐊᑦ–ᓰ–ᖕᒥᒃ, (King-wat-che-ung) ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ "ᐹᑉ" (“Bob”) ᐃᓅᓕᑦᓯᔪᒥᓂᖅ ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐᒥᒃ. ᓂᕆᒃᑲᖃᑦᑕᑐᒃᓴᐅᓂᕐᒪᐅᒃ, ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᓂᕐᔪᑎᔭᓂ, ᑎᒥᒧᑦ ᐃᑲᔫᑎᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᓂᕆᔭᐅᕙᙱᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᒥ ᐅᓯᒋᔭᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑐᒥᓂᖅ 1860–ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐃᒃᑭᓗᓐᓇᕐᒧᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓕᑐᐊᕐᒥᑉᐸᑕ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖁᑎᓂ, ᐅᓯᖏᐊᑦᓴᐅᑎᒋᒐᔭᕆᐊᖅ ᓂᕿᓂᒃ ᐅᓯᔭᒥᓂᒃ ᓂᕆᒃᑲᕐᓗᒋᓪᓗ ᓂᕐᔪᑎᒥᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖁᑎᓂ. ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑉᐸᓂᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᓂᐊᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᑳᐱᑕᐃᒋᔭᐃᑦ, ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᑕᑎᖃᖅᐸᑦᑐᒥᓂᖅ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᓄᑖᒥᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᓂᕿᑦᓴᓂᕐᕕᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ.

1871–ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖃᑦᑕᖅᑎ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓪᓗᓂ ᓵᕈᔅ ᕗᕌᓐᓯᔅ ᕼᐋᓪ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᑖᑐᒥᓂᖅ ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐᒥᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᓕᑦᑕᐅᖁᓪᓗᓂᐅᒃ ᑳᐱᑕᐃᒋᔭᐅᓗᓂ ᐃᑭᒪᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᔾᔨᖓᓅᙵᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᓈᖅᓯᔪᒥᓂᖅ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᐊ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ "ᐅᖅᓱᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᐊᖅᑏ" ᑕᐃᒫᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᒐᒥᒋᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᐃᒻᒥᓂᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᓯᒍᑎᖃᖅᓱᓂ – ᓇᓕᐊᓐᓄᕋᖅᓱᑎᓪᓗ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕙᑦᑐᑦ ᓲᕐᓗ ᕼᐋᓪᑎᑐᑦ. ᒪᓕᒃᓱᒍ ᑳᐱᑕᐃ ᔪᐊᔾ ᑕᐃᓴᓐ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒥᓂᖓ, ᐃᑭᒪᖃᑎᒥᓂᖅ ᑕᕝᕙᓂ ᐅᒥᐊᒥ, ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᒐᓂ ᐃᓱᒪᔪᒥᓂᖅ ᓴᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑐᐊᕕᐅᑎᒍᒪᒋᐊᖓ ᐃᑭᒪᕕᓂ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᓴᓂᐊᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᕼᐅᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᒃ, ᐅᑮᒍᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᒫᓂ, ᐊᓱᐃᓪᓛᒃ ᐊᑭᖃᙱᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᕆᐊᖅ ᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᓵᕐᓗᓂ ᑎᐊᓐᒫᒃᑯᒃ (Denmark). ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᒌᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᒻᒪᒋᓪᓗᓂᐅᒃ, ᐅᓗᕆᐊᓇᖅᑐᒃᑰᐸᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᔾᔨᒐᓅᐊᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᖓᑦ ᑲᔪᓯᓐᓂᖏᑦᑐᖅ.

ᑕᑯᒍᒃ : ᐸᑎᖕᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒥᓂᖏᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᔪᐊᔾ ᑕᐃᓴᓐᒧᑦ ᑐᕋᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᐊ ᕼᐊᐃᔅᒧᑦ, 4 ᐄᑉᐳᓘ 1874, 1. ᔪᐊᔾ ᑕᐃᓴᐅᑉ ᐸᐃᑉᐹᖁᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐸᐸᑦᓯᕕᒻᒥ, ᓯᓚᑦᑐᓴᕐᕕᒃ ᐹᒃ

( College Park, MD )

ᐸᑎᖕᑕᐅᑉ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐸᕐᓇᑕᒥᓂᖓ ᐊᓱᐃᓪᓛᒃ, ᓱᓕᓂᕋᕐᓗᒍ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓐᓂᖏᑕᖓ. ᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᒥᓂᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᓱᓂ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒃᑲᓂᖅᓱᓂ, ᐊᐃᕙᖃᑎᖃᓯᕙᒃᓱᓂ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᕼᐋᓪᑯᒃ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓯᒋᐊᕐᓂᒥᓐᓂ ᐅᐸᒐᓱᐊᖅᑕᒥᓐᓄᑦ. ᕼᐋᓪ ᑐᖁᒻᒪᑦ ᓅᕙᐃᒻᕙᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ 1871–ᒥ, ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᕙᒃᑐᒥᓃᑦ ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᐃᓄᐊᕐᓂᖏᒃᑲᓗᐊᕐᒪᖔᒍ. ᒪᓕᒃᓱᒋᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᒥᓃᑦ ᕼᐋᓪ ᐊᖏᓈᓱᒍ ᐄᓯᔪᒥᓂᐅᓂᕋᖅᑕᒥᓂᖅ ᑐᖁᓐᓇᑐᖅᑕᓕᒻᒥᒃ ᐃᓅᓱᙵᖅᓱᓂ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓯᒐᓚᓐᓂᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᓱᒪᓇᙳᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᕼᐋᓪᒥᒃ ᐅᐸᒐᔪᒃᐸᓂᕐᒪᑦ ᐃᓄᐊᕈᓐᓇᖅᓯᔪᒥᓂᐅᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᑖᒃᓱᒪᙵᑦ.

ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓂᖓᑦ ᑲᔪᓯᔪᒥᓂᖅ, ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᐊᒃᓱᕈᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᒃᑲᓗᐊᕐᒪᓐ ᑎᑭᐅᑎᒐᓱᐊᕆᐊᒃᓴᖅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᔾᔨᖓᓄᑦ. ᐅᑎᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᖅᓱᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᒥᓐᓄᑦ, ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖁᑎᒥᓂᒃ ᕿᒪᐃᓐᓇᐃᖁᔨᔪᒥᓂᖅ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᒥᒃ ᐊᑦᑑᕿᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐱᖃᓗᔭᒧᑦ. ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᓄᓱᒃᑕᒥᓂᖅ ᐱᖅᓯᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᖁᓕᓪᓗ ᖁᓕᐅᙱᒐᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᑭᒪᔪᒥᓃᑦ ᕿᒪᑦᑕᒥᓃᑦ ᐊᔪᖅᓯᐅᖅᑲᓕᖅᓱᑎᓪᓗ ᓯᑯᒥ, ᓯᑯᒥᐅᑕᐅᓕᕐᓂᖅᓱᑎ ᑕᖅᑭᓂᒃ ᐊᕐᕕᓂᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᐃᔭᐅᙱᓐᓂᕐᒥᓐᓂ. ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᐃᓚᖏᓪᓗ ᒪᓕᑦᑎᖏᑕ ᐃᒻᒪᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᒥᐊᓂ ᐃᑳᕈᓐᓇᖅᓯᑎᑕᒥᓂᖓᑦ ᕘᒃ ᐸᐃᒧᑦ (Foulke Bay) ᐅᐊᓇᖓᓂ ᐊᑯᑭᑑ, ᐅᑭᕖᒋᓕᖅᑕᒥᓂᖓᑦ. ᓯᑯᐃᔭᓕᕐᒪᑦ, ᐅᒥᐊᓂ ᐱᓕᐅᑎᒥᓂᖓᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᒧᑦ ᐃᓄᕼᐅᐃᒥ, ᖃᓗᓈᓅᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᕐᓂᖅᓱᓂᓗ ᐅᒥᐊᓪᓚᑐᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᕐᕙᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᐃᔭᐅᙱᓐᓂᕐᒥᓂ.

ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᕋᑦᓴᓕᐊᖑᔾᔪᑎᒋᓯᒪᔭᓕᒫᒥᓂᒃ ᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ ᖁᔭᓈᖅᑕᐅᒍᑎᓕᒥᓂᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᓱᒋᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᓕᑦᑕᐅᓂᖓᓂ ᐊᑑᑎᕙᒃᑐᒥᓂᐅᓂᕋᖅᑕᑦ, ᐊᔪᐃᓐᓈᒍᓐᓂᕋᓗᐊᕋᒥ ᐅᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓇᓱᐊᖅᓱᓂ ᐃᒥᐊᓗᒃᓯᒪᓗᐊᖅᑐᐊᓘᕙᒃᑐᒥᓂᐅᓂᕋᖅᑕᓂᒃ ᓈᓚᖏᓐᓂᒥᓂᖓᓂᓪᓗ ᕼᐋᓪᒥᒃ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᓂᖓ ᑭᓱᒥᒃ ᓇᖏᕐᕕᖃᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᑦᓯᐊᓚᐅᕐᓂᖏᑦᑐᖅ. ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᑲᓐᓂᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓐᓂᖏᑦᑐᖅ. ᑐᖁᔪᒥᓂᖅ 1888–ᖑᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ.

ᐊᑯᓂᐅᖏᑦᑐᖅ, ᐸᑎᖕᑕᓐ ᖃᓂᒋᔭᖃᓕᖅᑐᒥᓂᖅ ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐸᓐᓂᑑᑉ ᖃᖏᖅᓱᐊᓗᐊᑕ ᓴᓂᐊᓃᑦᑐᓂᒃ. ᓯᑕᒪᐅᔪᙱᒐᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓂᐅᕐᕈᔪᒥᓃᑦ ᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓄᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᖏᓐᓂ ᐃᑭᒪᕙᒃᓱᑎᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓯᑕᒪᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᖓᑦ ᑐᖁᔪᒥᓃᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᑭᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᖓᓂ ᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓃᓕᖅᓱᑎᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐅᖅᑕᒥᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᒥᒃ. ᐊᒥᓱᒐᓚᐃᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑎᒥᖏᑦ ᐃᓗᕕᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓴᓐᓂᖓᔪᓕᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓴᓂᐊᓂ ᐸᑎᖕᑕᐅᑉ ᐃᓗᕕᖓᑕ ᐃᓗᕕᖃᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᓯᑖᕐ ᐃᓗᕕᖃᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᒎᑕᓐᒥ, ᑲᓂᐊᒃᑎᑲᒥ. (Starr Cemetery in Groton, Connecticut)