ᐅᕙᓃᑦᑐᑎᑦ : ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖅ » ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓲᑏᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ
ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓲᑏᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ
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ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᐊᐃ.ᐲ.ᒋᐳᑦ ᖄᖓᓃᑦᑐᑦ, ᕼᐊᑦᓴᓐ ᕙᐃ, ᓄᓇᕗᑦ
ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᐊᑯᑭᑦᑑᓪᓗ ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖓᓂ ᐊᖏᔪᖅᔪᐊᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐱᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᐅᓪᓗᓂ. ᑖᔅᓱᒪ ᐱᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐹᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔭᖓ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᖃᑦᑎᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓈᖅᑐᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖑᑏᑦ ᐱᖃᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂᐅᓐᓂᖅᑯᖅ 1720ᒥᑦ 1740ᒧᓐ. ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂ ᕼᐊᓚᓐᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᑎᑦᑎᔪᒥᓃᑦ 1736ᓂᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᓂᒃ ᑕᒪᑐᒪ ᐃᒪᐅᑉ ᑲᓇᓐᓇᖅᐸᓯᖓᓄᑦ, ᑕᒫᓂᓗ ᐱᔪᒥᓂᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ 3,000ᖑᓗᐊᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᖅᕕᓂᒃ. (ᕌᔅ 1993: 543)
ᑕᒫᓂᓕ 1800ᒥ ᐱᒋᐊᓐᖓᕐᓂᓖᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓛᖑᕙᓪᓕᐊᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᐊᑯᑭᑦᑑᓪᓗ ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖓᓂ ᐊᖅᕙᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥ. ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᖏᑦ ᑎᑭᐅᑎᒻᒪᕆᑉᐸᓕᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᐅᐊᓐᓇᖅᐸᓯᖓᓄᑦ ᑕᑉᐹᓂᓗ ᐱᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎᖏᑦ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᖅᕙᑉᐸᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ. 1810ᒥᑦ 1840ᒧᓐ, ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᐊᖅᕕᑦᑐᒥᓃᑦ 15,000 ᐊᖓᑖᓂᑦ 1,692ᕋᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᑐᖃᖅᑐᓂ (ᕌᔅ 1993: 543).
ᑖᒃᑯᐊᕌᓗᐃᓪᓕ ᖃᑦᑎᒥᓂᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓈᖅᑐᒋᑦ, ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᑎᓂᔾᔪᐊᖅᕕᒻᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕼᐊᑦᓴᓐ ᕙᐃᒥ ᒥᑭᔪᒥᓂᕈᓗᒃ. ᑲᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒃᑯᓐᓂᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ, ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂᒥᐅᑕᐃᓪᓗ 201ᕋᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᕆᐊᖅᐸᑦᑐᒥᓃᑦ ᕼᐊᑦᓴᓐ ᕙᐃᒥ, ᐱᔪᒥᓂᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ 565ᓂᒃ ᐊᖅᕕᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ. (ᕌᔅ 1993: 547)
ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓅᓯᖏᑦ ᐊᑦᑐᖅᑕᐅᒋᐊᒻᒪᕆᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕋᓱᐊᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᖅᑐᓄᑦ 1853ᒥ, ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᐅᑭᐊᓪᓕᖃᑦᑕᓕᕐᓂᕐᖓᑕ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ. ᑕᐃᒪᓕ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑭᓱᓕᕆᔨᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᐊᓯᕈᖅᑐᒥᓃᑦ ᑲᑎᓯᓚᐅᖅᐸᑦᑐᒥᓂᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᐅᖅᓯᕋᖃᑎᖃᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ, ᑕᒪᐅᖓ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓕᕐᓂᕐᒧᓐ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐃᒻᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᓯᒪᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᓐ ᐃᓕᓴᐃᔨᐅᓂᕐᒥᒃ.
ᑕᐃᓐᓇᓕ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥᓂᖅ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓲᑎ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᐊᓚᐅᓯᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᒥᕐᒧ ᐆᓇᖅᑐᒧᓐ ᐊᐅᓚᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᐊᑎᓕᒥᓂᖅ ᑕᐃ ᓴᓇᔭᒥᓂᖅ 1857ᒥ ᑕᓐᑏᒥ, ᓯᑳᑦᑕᓚᓐᒥ. ᑕᐃᒃᑯᐊᓕ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᑕᓐᑏᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᕿᓚᒻᒥᑯᓗᒃ ᒪᓕᔅᓴᖅᑐᒥᓃᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᐅᓯᖅᓱᐃᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᒥᕐᒨᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᑕᐃᒫᖏᓛᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᖏᑦ ᓴᓐᖏᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᕐᓂᕐᖓᑕ ᓯᑯᓕᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᒋᐊᔅᓴᖅ. ᑕᐃᒃᑯᐊ ᓂᐅ ᐃᓐᖓᓚᓐᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᑎᖏᕐᕋᐅᑎᓖᓐᓇᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐃᓱᓕᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᓕᒫᖓᓄᑦ.
ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓲᑏᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᒥᑭᔫᑎᐸᓗᒥᓂᕈᓗᐃᑦ, ᑕᒫᓂᖃᐃ 40 ᒦᑕᔅ (125 ᐃᓯᒐᐃᑦ), ᑕᐃᒫᓪᓗ ᐊᖅᕕᐅᑉ ᐊᖏᓂᖓ ᒪᕐᕈᐊᖅᑎᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓗᒍ ᑐᑭᒧᓐ ᑕᑭᓂᖓ ᐊᔾᔨᒋᒐᔭᖅᑕᖓ. ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂᓕ ᑐᕚᖃᓚᐅᖅᑎᓐᓇᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᔅᓱᕈᖅᑎᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ, ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᖅᑎ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑕᖃᖅᐸᑦᑐᒥᓂᖅ 50ᐸᓗᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᖑᑎᓂᒃ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐃᓱᓕᒌᓛᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑦ ᖁᓕᒐᓚᐅᓐᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᓈᑉᐸᑕ ᐊᖅᕕᒐᓱᒋᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑕᖃᖅᐸᓕᖅᑐᒥᓃᑦ 20ᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᒃ, ᐊᒥᓱᓪᓗ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᕐᒦᒋᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᖅᕙᒐᓱᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓐᖏᑐᓪᓗ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇᓕ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒍ ᑳᑉᑕᐃᑦ ᑐᕚᖃᓕᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᒥᓃᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ.